review of glp 1 GLP-1-based therapies for diabetes, obesity and beyond GLP-1 Agonists For Obesity In

These medications work by mimicking the action of naturally occurring incretin hormones, which enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, and promotes satiety through central nervous system pathways

these cells are the dominant sources of TNF promoting insulin resistance (9)

Data extraction was carried out using a structured Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA), which was pre-designed to capture essential information such as study design, sample size, population characteristics, intervention and comparator details, treatment duration, baseline and peak body weight, and weight at follow-up or post-discontinuation

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